Biomarkers in Overactive Bladder

Abstract

Nerve growth factor (NGF), brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cytokines, stem cell factor etc. are some promising biomarkers for overactive bladder (OAB). To diagnose OAB urinary NGF/Creatinine (Cr) has 87.5% sensitivity and 100% specificity, and BDNF/Cr has 87.5% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity. In female OAB patient, urinary MCP-1 (monocyte chemotactic protein) was very high. In plasma 5 biomarkers IL-4 (Interleukin), TNF-α (Tumor necrosis factor), MIP-1β (macrophage inflammatory protein), SAA (Serum amyloid A), and Tie2 (Tyrosine kinase receptor) could significantly differentiate between OAB patients and control individuals. c-kit ligand, stem cell factor (SCF) found to be significantly more on overactive bladder than control. mRNA expression of connexin (Cx) and transient receptor potential (TRP) channel on urothelial cells from urine showed positive correlations of Cx26 vs urgency score, Cx40 vs nocturia, TRPM2 (Transient receptor potential melastatin 2) vs intermittency, TRPV1 (Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1) vs urgency incontinence, and negative correlation of Cx40 vs intermittency. In plasma measurement of miR-98-5p (upregulation) + miR-139-5p (downregulation) seems to be a good biomarker (AUC = 0.839).