Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge (IJTK)

Withania somnifera ameliorates nandrolone-decanoate-induced brain damage in rats by inhibiting cell death, prodynorphin mRNA expression and acetylcholinesterase activity

Morphological characterization of sali rice accessions of North East India

Phyto-chemistry and therapeutic potential of litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.): An age-old ingredient in traditional medicine

Estimation of the soil and plant nutrient budget of the traditional Eucalyptus based agroforestry system in different spacing

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Vegetable Sector and its Allies

Scientific validation of toxicological and anti-hyperglycemic effect of Bambusa tulda leaf

Emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) COVID-19 and approach of AYUSH systems of medicine towards its prevention and management

Validation of ethno-veterinary medicinal practices of onion (Allium cepa L.)

Onion (Allium cepa) is an important medicinal herb apart from its culinary uses. It has wide array of uses in ethnoveterinary medicine since long time. The study was conducted to review, document and validate the ethno-veterinary practices in which onion is dominant constituent. The validation of the ethno-veterinary practices was done with 30 experts from the relevant scientific field. The responses of experts for validation were taken on three-point validity continuum. Among the 58 formulations 27.58 per cent were claimed to have the score above 120 and 55.17 per cent were scored between 100 to 120 out of 150, shows their wider applicability and validity in ethno-veterinary practice. The results showed that onions have a wide array of uses in ethno-veterinary practices, ranging from treating gastro-intestinal problems like tympany, indigestion, bloat to proven insecticidal antiparasitic, repellant and antiseptic actions with different dosage and formulations. Onion is effective on various diseases due to unique combination of different compounds including fructans, flavonoids and organosulfur compounds. Validated practices of onion in ethno-veterinary medicine may be useful particularly among poor or remote livestock rearer who can neither afford nor may access expensive or distant conventional healthcare options.

Identification of therapeutic targets for controlling COVID-19 pandemic by traditional system of Ayurvedic medicines: A systematic review

COVID-19 is a severe respiratory disorder caused by the SARS COV-2 virus that involves limited innate immunity. Numerous publications have suggested that plants/minerals used in the Traditional system of Ayurveda, has revealed much about the biology of COVID-19. One theory is that combination of anti viral, anti inflammatory, agents activating immune cells, anti toxic herbs and metals may be helpful for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection. Anti viral Drugs used for COVID-19 are those which blocks RNA synthesis, virus invasion, bind to receptor proteins on the surface of cells, cell cycle protein, and physiological and pathological processes inhibitor. Anti-inflammatory drugs used for COVID-19 re those which controls transcription of DNA, cytokine production, break down the basement membrane, regulate outer mitochondrial membrane permeability, controlling the host cell life, stimulates activated B-cell and T-cell proliferation, virus dissemination, a slowdown of cell metabolism or secretion of cytokines. Drugs which is having role in the innate immunity, inhibits ROS, enhances cell lifespan, activates macrophages, physiological effects on cells activates the Lung resident immune cells. The focus of this review is to elucidate the Ayurvedic pharmacological properties with their therapeutic targets.

In vitro anticancer activity of medicinal plants of Himalayan region

Effect of repeated extraction of white ash with water on physicochemical properties of palash kshar

“In vivo” free radical scavenging efficacy of beebread against biochemical alterations induced by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium

Analysis of phytochemical constituents and antibacterial activity of Wrightia tinctoria: traditional medicinal plant of India for application on wound dressing materials

Documentation of traditional alcoholic beverages and their indigenous utilization pattern by Kinnaura tribes of Himachal Pradesh, North Western Himalaya

Role of traditional medicines as a challenge for Coronavirus (Covid-19)

Barom nu: The traditional practice of rice-breeding in shifting agriculture by the Inpui tribe of Manipur, North-East India

Bombax ceiba calyces regulate carbohydrate and lipid digesting enzyme’s actions, display insulin sensitizing and antioxidant activities in vitro: A nutritional and phytochemicals examination

In vitro anticoagulant activity of methanolic extracts of Artemisia herba-alba, Achillea fragrantissima and Citrullus colocynthis grown in Saudi Arabia

In vitro starch digestibility and in vivo glucose response of minor tuber-based vermicelli & upma

Ocimum sanctum: in vitro antiviral potential against animal viruses

Bio-efficacy of egg parasitoid, Trichogramma chilonis (Ishii) against spotted stem
borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) in Kharif maize

Ecological features and traditional knowledge of Roscoea alpina Royle a medicinal plant in Himalaya

Agarwood practice and rural livelihoods in Naharani area of Golaghat District, Assam, North-East India

Ethnomedicinal plants used by Dongaria Kondha tribe of Rayagada district, Odisha

Medicinal fungi used by rural communities in Northeastern Brazil

Traditional uses of wild plants in Mardin central district and attached villages (Turkey)

A note on indigenous technical knowledge in Kinnaur and Lahaul-Spiti districts of Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory response by two formulations of Jatyadithailam in healing diabetic foot ulcers

Ehretia laevis leaves: Potential herbal remedy for mouth microflora

Fingerprinting of Sahaj Vati, additive for natural lovastatin production

Ayurvedic, herbal extracts suppress Candidal biofilms in vitro

Indigenous storage of food grains and seeds in mid hills of Jammu division of Jammu & Kashmir.

Physicochemical characterization and HPTLC profiling of commercially available
Kabasura Kudineer Chooranam

Traditional Knowledge for Treatment in Tribal Dominated Block in Mandla District of Madhya Pradesh

A candidate gene-based association study of introgressed pod shatter resistance in Brassica napus

A comparative study of Kigelia pinnata fruit extracts in terms of antimutagenic potential and antimicrobial efficacy against antibiotic-resistant microbial strains

A nutritional intervention against COVID-19: Possibilities on the use of an alkaline diet to boost physiological resistance and immunity.

A polyherbal formulation reverses hydrogen peroxide-induced hematological and biochemical aberrations in rats

A randomized controlled clinical study to evaluate efficacy and safety of a topical Unani
formulation in the management of Nār Fārsī (Eczema)

A reliability test for the body constitution diagnosis using wrist pulse analysis based on Ayurveda

A study of knowledge and traditional wisdom of makhana cultivation in Bihar

A study on the Green Building Concepts in Vastu Sastra principles for sustainable development

Adaptability and AMMI biplot analysis for yield and agronomical traits in scented rice genotypes under diverse production environments

Ameliorative effects of Triphala on mucosal damage in rat model of ulcerative colitis

An ethnomedicinal field survey report on traditionally used plants by the Nepalese of Alubari Jungle Busty in Darjeeling Himalaya as potential immunity booster and fever-related herbal drugs

An ethnomedicinal survey of traditionally used medicinal plants from Charkhi Dadri district, Haryana: an attempt towards documentation and preservation of ethnic knowledge

An ethno-veterinary study on plants used for the treatment of livestock diseases in Genç (Bingöl-Turkey)

An investigation of traditional uses and anti-inflammatory property of Clematis buchananiana De Candolle and Tupistra nutans Wall. ex Lindl.: Native ethnomedicinal plants from Sikkim, India

Analysis of COVID-19 Pandemic - Origin, Global Impact and Indian Therapeutic Solutions for infectious diseases

Anti-Diabetic and Anti-oxidant Activities of Devdarvadyarishta in StreptozotocinInduced Diabetic Rats

Anti-hyperglycemic effect of bran extracts of two traditional rice varieties on alloxan-induced diabetic rats

Antimicrobial activities and phytochemical analysis of leaf extracts of Echinops abuzinadianus Chaudhary growing in Abha City, Saudi Arabia

Antioxidant activity and mineral nutrient composition of Polygonum cognatum - a potential source of wild edible plant

Antioxidant activity of sesame oil on oxidative stability of olive oil

Anti-Oxidant potential of Herbal formulation (Sahaj Vati) Modulating Leptin, Insulin activity

Assessment of dermal toxicity of mustard oil based formulation of Nerium indicum Mill.

Assessment of genetic diversity using morphological and molecular markers in traditional cultivars of Mango (Mangifera indica L.)

Association of biotic factors with indigenous knowledge of farmers on rainfall predictions

Ayurvedic paradigm for COVID-19 prophylaxis and management strategies: Perspective and evidence-based review

Basil (Ocimum basilicum) growth under saline stress and salicylic acid

Beekeeping with Apis cerana: An indigenous tradition of tribal areas of Chamba district (Himachal Pradesh)

Belief of Indian Population on Traditional Yoga System During COVID-19 Crisis

Beneficial effects of mindfulness based stress reduction (MBSR) on bio-physiological and psychological parameters among type 2 diabetics

Bioactivity guided fractionation of Icacina trichantha Oliv. (Icacinaceae) tuber for antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei infected mice and GC-MS profile of bioactive fraction

Bioactivity guided isolation and characterization of antimicrobial principle from Hydrocotyle javanica Thunb.

Bio-functional properties and storage study of ‘Chubitchi’- a fermented rice beverage of Garo Hills, Meghalaya

Cadmium induced oxidative stress-mediated pathophysiological alterations in chickens and their amelioration by polyherbal mixture enriched feed

Cellular investigations to uncover curative potentials of polyphenols- An in vitro study of Apple Cider Vinegar (ACV) and Chrysin against Alzheimer's like pathology via down-regulation of AChE activity

Chemical composition and inhibitory potentials of key-enzymes linked to neurodegenerative diseases of wild garlic: Allium atrovioleceum Boiss.

Climate responsive design principles in Dravidian temples A case study of Nellaiappar temple

Combating COVID-19 with Holistic Approach of Ayurveda

Community-based conservation in Eastern Himalayan biodiversity hotspot- a case study

Comparative study on physical characteristics and nutritional composition of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) at different stages of maturity

Comparison of nutrient composition of wild Dioscorea species consumed by ethnic groups of Odisha in India with commercially cultivated roots and tubers

Comparison of the energy consumption in traditional and advanced paddy residue management technologies for wheat sowing

Comperative Study on the Intervention of  ‘Spice ‘ Mixture (SM) Prepared by Natural Food Additives (NFA) Alone or Intervention of SM with Mind Calming Exercise in the Management on Female Obesity

Competitive functions, pest dynamics and bio-economic analysis in traditional maize and legumes intercropping systems under rainfed situation of South India

Controlling progression of bacterial biofilm by herbal eye care formulation

Could nature be the solution- A review on selected folklore medicinal plants with
antiviral activities repurposed for COVID-19 treatment

COVID conundrum: Possible solutions in Ayurveda

COVID-19 prophylactic & management studies based on Electro-Homeopathy

Cultural entomology and edible insect diversity in a wetland ecosystem: A case study from the Loushi pat basin, Manipur.

Determination of use value and informant consensus factor on ethnobotanic knowledge about wild legumes used by natives of Wayanad district, Kerala

Development and evaluation of biscuits from foxtail millet and papaya fruit

Development and standardisation of Laghu Sudarshan Churna – An Ayurvedic polyherbal formulation

Development of a regional climate change perception index based on traditional
knowledge base of small-marginal farmers

Development of new promising varieties of faba bean through traditional pedigree method for commercial cultivation in plain zone of India

Does India have entheomycology traditions? A review and call to research

Drying and dehydration of native ornamental plants of Arunachal Pradesh and its value addition

Effect of fungal pretreatment on Solanum nigrum L. leaves biomass aimed at the bioadsorption of heavy metals

Effect of germination on selected phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa)

Effects of Cooking Methods and in-vitro Digestion on the Digestibility and Antioxidant Properties of Ngari (a fermented fish product of India)

Efficacy of hydro-methanolic extract of Neolamarckia cadamba bark over hematological & biochemical parameters of Wistar albino rats and against microorganisms

Efficacy of Manjistha and Ginger Powder in Extending the Lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster

Efficacy of some indigenous products against cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch

Entomophagy practices among the primitive tribes inhabiting the Nilgiris district of Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu, South India

Ethnobotanical and ethnoveterinary survey in Paraguay: Medicinal plants used for deworming

Ethnobotanical notes on some potential wild edible fruits used by the Bhotia community
of Niti Valley, Uttarakhand, India

Ethnobotanical study on the medicinal plants in the Manyas province (Balıkesir, Turkey)

Ethnobotanical study on wild edible fruits, spices and aquatic plants traditionally used by the Garo tribe of Meghalaya

Ethnobotany of Juniperus polycarpos C. Koch (Cupressaceae) in the Himalayan cold desert of Union Territory of Ladakh, India

Ethnoknowledge of medicinal and mystical plants used by healers in Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará, Northeast Brazil

Ethno-medicinal plants used by the people of Dharan municipality, Eastern Nepal

Ethnomedicinal study of medicinal plants used to cure dental diseases by the indigenous population of district Buner, Pakistan

Ethno-medicinal use of monitor lizard Varanus bengalensis (Daudin, 1802) by the ‘Adi’ tribe at East Siang, Arunachal Pradesh

Ethno-medicinal uses of Eryngo (Eryngium foetidum L.) by Meitei community of Manipur, Northeast India

Ethnopedological knowledge of upland Karbi Community: A case study from Dima Hasao District of Assam, North-Eastern Himalaya, India

Ethnopharmacological survey of medicinal and foods plants in Derecik (Hakkari-Turkey)

Ethno-veterinary medicinal uses of garlic (allium sativum) by livestock rearer

Evaluation of bioavailability of three extracts of a less known ethno-medicinal plant, Thottea tomentosa from Assam

Evaluation of efficacy and safety of a polyherbal Unani formulation in diabetes mellitus type 2 (Zayābīṭus Sukkari Qism Sāni) - a randomised controlled clinical study

Evaluation of free radical scavenging and anti-lipoxygenase activity in various fractions of ayurvedic polyherbal decoction, Punarnavadi kashayam

Evaluation of gastroprotective effect of jujube honey in ethanol-induced stomach ulcer in mice

Evaluation of polyherbal formulation against isoniazid and rifampicin induced oxidative stress in rat kidney

Evaluvation of the Lactogenic activity of Erythrina indica Lam. leaves

Experimental study on antiepileptic action of Kousheyashma Bhasma

Exploring ethnic foodscape in food desert: the case of Kolasib, Northeast India

Exploring the potency of Ayurveda in pandemic caused by COVID-19 on scientific parameters

Farmers’ perception on climate extremes and their coping mechanism: evidences from disaster prone regions of India

Fatty acid composition and bioactivity of Sesbania sesban seed oil

Formulation of nutrient dense Chapatti premix suitable for diabetics

Functional hard-boiled candy formulation employing Plackett Burman design

Genotype and environment interaction analysis for quality traits in Basmati rice

Geo-spatial technology application for prioritization of land resources in Udham Singh Nagar District of Uttarakhand, India

Haematopoietic and Immunomodulatory Activity of Sap of Borassus flabellifer against Cyclophosphamide Mediated Haematotoxicity and Immunosuppression in Wistar Rats

Heavy metal and miRNA analysis in venous and wet-cupping blood taken simultaneously from female migraine patients

Hepatoprotective activity of Mitragyna speciosa Korth. on Liver Damage Caused by Tuak

Hepatoprotective effect of combined extracts of Andrographis paniculata, Boerhavia
diffusa, Eclipta alba and Picrorhiza kurroa on carbon tetrachloride and
paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats

Herbal-Based Drugs for Dry Eye; Treatment and Adverse Reactions

Hypothetical model for explaining yoga mediated modulation of pathways implicated in obesity

HYSSOP and POLIUM could help to prevent COVID-19 in high-risk population: The results of a parallel randomized placebo-controlled field trial

Indian herbal formulation Kaba Sura Kudineer possesses the most powerful ligands to block ACE2-RBD interaction of SARS-CoV-2 infection

Indigenous approaches of pest management in vegetables with special reference to coriander in southern Rajasthan, India

Indigenous artifacts of Adi tribe in Arunachal Pradesh: Are they waning amidst the
waves of globalization?

Indigenous people‘s attachment to traditional agroforestry system: An empirical insight from Churachandpur, Northeast India

Indigenous technical knowledge of Assam for pests management – Exploit potential in organic agriculture

Influence of sewage sludge and saline water irrigation on soil soluble ions and nutrient uptake under Pearl millet-Wheat cropping system in semi-arid region

Intermedicality in official health contexts: Use of medicinal plants by the inhabitants of a city in Argentinean Patagonia

Investigation of Cytotoxic Effect of Black Mulberry (Morus nigra L.) Fruit

Is traditional agroforestry system of Nagaland bountiful for indigenous and traditional crops species diversity?

Khesari (Lathyrus sativus L.), an ancient legume for future gain: An expedition collection from parts of West Bengal state of Eastern India

Knowledge on the use of catch material for craftwork/handicrafts by an urban fishing community

MANAGEMENT OF COVID-19: AYURVEDIC PERSPECTIVE

Management of red pumpkin beetle, Aulacophora foveicollis (Lucas) with traditional method of dusting with dung ash in cucurbits

Medicated hair oil formulation and positive effect on dandruff control with hair growth

Medicinal plants used for veterinary diseases by the local inhabitants of the Teshil Tangi, District Charsadda, Pakistan

Medicinal uses of few edible tuber crops by“Dongria Kandha” tribes of Kandhamal district of Odisha, India

Microbiological and enzymatic properties of diverse Jaivik Krishi inputs used in organic farming

Mindfulness: a traditional Buddhist wisdom to cope with the COVID-19 situation

Modernization and Shelf life extension of chhana based traditional sweetmeat by utilizing Theobroma cacoa, Vaccinia oxycoccos and different fruit powders

Nutmeg extract modulates triglyceride levels and gene expressions of CD36,
FATP1, and CPT1B in rat skeletal muscle

Optimization of fermentation variables for Ayurvedic formulation, Drakshasava by Response Surface Methodology and its marker based validation studies

Oxidative stress and anti-obesity approach in behavior of COVID-19: A Review

People and plant: Learning with Adi community on ethnomedicinal practices and conservation in Arunachal Pradesh, India

Permaculture to monoculture in shifting cultivation landscape of Mizoram, Northeast India: Are agrobiodiversity and happiness waning?

Perspectives of traditional health care system of Sikkim, North-East India – An
ethno-pharmacological survey and analysis

Pharmacobotanical study of Psychotria carthagenensis Jacq. (Rubiaceae), a species known as toxic and medicinal

Pharmacognostical, phytochemical and physiochemical studies of Bridelia tomentosa Bl.

Pharmacokinetic interaction potential assessment of cladrin, a potent bioactive constituent of Butea monosperma, and raloxifene, a prescription anti-osteoporotic by in vitro ADME approach

Physicochemical, microbiological and antioxidant property of traditionally prepared Misti Dahi sold in West Bengal

Phytochemical investigations on the therapeutic properties of the of Ensete glaucum (Roxb.) Cheesman

Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activity of Sisymbrium irio L. Seeds

Phytochemicals enriched Punica granatum L. peel extract promotes the chondrocyte proliferation by inducing cell cycle progression and inhibiting of NO-induced cell death and ROS production

Phytoplankton assemblage and UV-protective compounds in the river Ganges

Plant proteins as natural, biodegradable, low cost larvicides against mosquitoes

Plants with benefits: Ethnomedicinal plants used by the Talaandig tribe in Portulin, Pangantucan, Bukidnon, Philippines

Pongamol from the seeds of Tephrosia purpurea exert anti-cancer activity against cervical cancer cell line

Pre and post test clinical study to assess the combined effect of Brahmigritha-Nasya, Ksheerabalataila-Abhyanga and Saraswatha-Churna in reducing the symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder on Hamilton anxiety rating scale

Prophylactic efficacy of Unani herbal and herbo-mineral preparations in population at risk of COVID-19 – A randomised controlled prospective field trial

Pteridophytes: Ethnobotanical use and active chemical composition

Qualitative and quantitative ethnobotanical evaluation of plant resources of Kiwai,
Kaghan valley, district Mansehra, Pakistan

Quantification of phenolic compounds in Leucas mollissima Wall. ex Benth through HPTLC and validation of its antioxidant potential

Quantitative estimation and evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of macromolecules of Boswellia serrata

Rapid and sensitive High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatographic (HPTLC) method for identification and quantification of luteolin by densitometry in Kasamarda (Cassia occidentalis L.)

Rice cakes of North-East region of India: A systematic review

Rice landraces of Tamil Nadu –a review

ROLE OF INDIAN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE IN MITIGATING NOVEL CORONA VIRUS EFFECTS.

Screening of in vitro free radical scavenging activities of the fruit extracts of Psidium guajava L.

Screening of antimicrobial efficacy of traditionally used Indian plants against microorganisms associated with dandruff

Screening of medicinal plant extracts as novel DNA gyrase inhibitors

Seasonal monitoring of the antioxidant activity of Erythroxylum suberosum A. St.-Hil. leaves: Correlation with hyperoside and isoquercitrin contents

Sensory and Nutritional quality of  Moringa Oleifera Leaf  powder incorporated Multi-millet Ready to Eat (RTE) snack

Shark cartilage (SC) and shark liver oil (SLO) treatment for lung damage via formaldehyde (FA) exposure

Short term Effectiveness of Structured Exercise Protocol on Respiratory Parameters in subjects with COVID

Stability indicating HPTLC method for active principle psoralen and its application to accelerated stability testing of marketed formulation

Standardization of ayurvedic formulation caturjata churna using modern techniques

Studies on development of instant pumpkin soup tablets and evaluation of storage stability

Studies on traditional Indian (turmeric) pickle as probiotic pickle for therapeutic uses in view of COVID-19 pandemic

Study of phytochemical content, antioxidant and larvicidal property of different solvent extracts of Clerodendrum infortunatum and Citrus grandis

Sub chronic oral toxicity study of Janma Ghunti Honey in Wistar rats

Taboos: Traditional beliefs and customs for resource management in the western Himalaya

Taking a leaf from Jantri for traditional medicament- an ancient manuscript in Tankri

Taxonomy, Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Characteristics to Identify the Authentic and Substitute Botanical Sources Used as Agnimantha

The development of burfi with date paste

The effects of Litsea cubeba essential oil inhalation on brainwave activity

The effects of oxygen scavenging on survival of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and shelf-life of foxtail millet

Thermotherapy of cloves for in-vitro mericlone production for healthy and sustainable management of garlic germplasm

Traditional agroforestry systems and practices of Assam

Traditional fermented rice beverage enriched with zinc, calcium and iron

Traditional food systems of Changthang, Ladakh

Traditional healing practices of Pnar and War communities in West Jaintia Hills District of Meghalaya, Northeast India

Traditional knowledge and field marker development for essential oil content using peltate gland trichome and leaf colour in basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)

Traditional Knowledge and Method of Various Rice Preparations in Assam

Traditional knowledge on Nicobari aloo (Dioscorea alata L.) among Nicobaritribal community of Car Nicobar Island, India

Traditional methods of purification (detoxification process) for Schedule E poisonous drugs

Traditional oral healthcare practices followed by the Garo tribe of West Garo Hills District, Meghalaya

Traditional rice-husking technology of the Kukis of Manipur, India

Traditional Use of Organic Additives (Bamboo Foliage, Flax Fibre and Millet Grains) in 16^th Century Lime Plaster of Solapur Fort, India

Traditional uses of multi-cob bearing Murlimakai primitive maize landrace from Sikkim state, India

Understanding and validating the traditional rainfall classification and forecasting system with its implication to agriculture in Kalimpong Hill of West Bengal

UPLC-MS profiling, antimicrobial and antipyretic activities of Deverra scoparia Coss. & Dur. extracts

Variability and genetic diversity among selfed lines (S1) of onion (Allium cepa L.)

Vasorelaxation to Eugenol, Curcumin and Nanocurcumin is mediated by differential  augmentation of Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase activity in middle uterine artery of Capra hircus.

Visiting Bael (Aegle marmelos) as a Protective Agent Against COVID-19: A Review

Vocal for local: Diversity of local cucurbits cultivars in East Siang, Arunachal Pradesh

Weedy diversity of subsistence agriculture and their traditional uses in cold arid region of India

Wild edible plants contributing to the traditional foods of Mardin (Turkey) Province

‘Rantak’: Perishing indigenous wisdom of cold arid Region of Ladakh